Specifics of the application of Agrovitakva AVA mineral fertilizer for various crops

Long-lasting nutrition without leaching: AVA complex fertilizer

The Russian complex fertilizer Agrovit-Aqua AVA is a nitrogen-free and chlorine-free vitreous substance. It is produced in the form of granules, powder, and liquid without loss of nutritional value. Due to its structure, the fertilizer slowly dissolves in the soil under the influence of heat, moisture, and root exudates of plants. This prevents chemical burn of the root system and protects nutrients from leaching, even in light, floodplain, and flooded rice soils.

The application of AVA stimulates the development of beneficial soil microflora: nitrogen-fixing and cellulose-decomposing microorganisms. The micronutrients included in the composition activate plant enzymes and improve the activity of nodule bacteria. In addition, the fertilizer increases the fungistatic properties of the soil, suppressing the development of pathogenic fungi, and promotes the accumulation of humates and humic acids.

The application rate of the fertilizer depends on the method of application and the type of crop. When planting, granular forms must be mixed with the prepared soil to ensure prolonged root nutrition for several years.

• Activity period of AVA granules — 2.5–3 years
• Dissolution temperature of AVA — from +8 ºС
• Potassium content in Multi-NPK — 44 %
• Medicinal plant extract in Herbamin — 11 species

Crop	Application method	AVA fertilizer application rate
Strawberry	At planting (in the hole, for 3 years)	no more than 5 g
Strawberry	Top dressing of growing bushes	from 3 to 5 g per bush
Fruit trees	At planting (in a 100x100 cm planting hole)	50–100 g per hole
Fruit trees	Top dressing of growing plants	from 50 to 100 g around the canopy diameter
Berry and ornamental bushes	At planting (in the hole)	no more than 50 g
Ornamental plants	Top dressing of growing plants	up to 20 g/m²
Tomatoes, peppers, potatoes, cabbage	At planting (in the hole, mix with soil)	3–5 g
Houseplants	At planting (per volume of soil)	1–3 g per 1 l of soil

Rapid action and top dressing: Albatros, Herbamin, and specialized NPK complexes

For operational management of plant nutrition during the growing season, foliar top dressing and quick-dissolving complexes are used. The highly concentrated ballast-free fertilizer "Albatros" from the Norwegian company Norsk Hydro contains a full set of macro- and micronutrients. The nitrogen in it is in an amide form, which makes the product optimal for foliar applications during the growing season.

The environmentally friendly fertilizer and growth stimulant "Herbamin" works on the basis of an extract of 11 types of medicinal plants. Its composition includes macro- and micronutrients, enzymes, vitamins, and phytohormones. "Herbamin" is applied by irrigation or spraying for balanced nutrition and increased resistance to pests, diseases, and adverse environmental factors.

The mineral complexes "Hydrocomplex" and "Multi-NPK" are designed for precision nutrition adjustment. "Hydrocomplex" is effective for pre-sowing application and root top dressing of a wide range of crops. "Multi-NPK" is produced in crystalline and granular forms, contains an increased dose of potassium, and is suitable for both soil application and foliar treatment.

Fertilizer	Manufacturer / Form	Composition	Application
Agrovit-Aqua AVA	Russia / Granules, powder, liquid	Phosphorus (55–60 %), potassium (17–19 %), calcium (12–14 %), magnesium (4–5 %), boron (1.0–1.5 %), silicon, zinc, copper, cobalt, iron, molybdenum, chromium, nickel (0.1–0.2 % each), selenium (0.05 %)	Basic pre-sowing application and top dressing of vegetable, fruit-berry, and perennial crops.
Albatros	Norsk Hydro (Norway) / Highly concentrated mixture	Full set of macro- and micronutrients, nitrogen in amide form	Foliar top dressing during the plant growing season.
Herbamin	Russia / Liquid extract	Extract of 11 types of medicinal plants, macro- and micronutrients, enzymes, vitamins, phytohormones	Soil irrigation or spraying of growing fruit, vegetable, and ornamental crops.
Hydrocomplex	Russia / Mixture with micronutrients	Nitrogen (12 %), phosphorus (11 %), potassium (18 %), magnesium (3 %), sulfur (8 %), iron (0.2 %), zinc (0.02 %), boron (0.015 %), manganese (0.02 %)	Pre-sowing application and top dressing of agricultural crops.
Multi-NPK	Haifa Chemicals (Israel) / Crystals, granules	Nitrogen (12 %), phosphorus (2 %), potassium (44 %)	Basic soil application and foliar top dressing of plants.

Mineral complexes Rastvorin, Ryazanochka, and Sudarushka: precision nutrition management

For flexible management of crop nutrition in open and protected soil, specialized water-soluble fertilizers are used. The complex mixture "Rastvorin" produced by the Buysky Chemical Plant is available in several brands, which allows for precise dosage selection for a specific phase of plant development. The product is completely soluble in water, contains no ballast impurities, and is intended for basic application, as well as root and foliar treatments of fruit and berry crops, flowering crops, and seedlings.

Grade	Nitrogen (N), %	Phosphorus (P₂O₅), %	Potassium (K₂O), %	Magnesium (MgO), %
Grade A	10	5	20	6
Grade B	18	6	18	0
Grade C	18	18	18	0

The choice of a specific grade depends on the current nutrient requirements of the plants. At the beginning of the growing season, when the aerial parts are growing intensively, it is optimal to use Grade B with an increased nitrogen content. For planned top dressing throughout the season, Grade A is suitable, while on soils with a pronounced phosphorus deficiency, Grade C shows the best results.

Specialized fertilizers "Ryazanochka" (for berry crops) and "Sudarushka" (for vegetables) have an identical balanced composition of macro- and micronutrients. They provide plants with readily available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and a wide spectrum of metal activators for enzymatic processes. A high concentration of manganese, zinc, and boron stimulates flowering and fruiting of crops.

Nutrient	Content in dry matter, %
Nitrogen (N)	15
Phosphorus (P)	7.5
Potassium (K)	7.5
Manganese (Mn)	2.1
Magnesium (Mg)	1.9
Zinc (Zn)	1.5
Boron (B)	1.5
Copper (Cu)	0.25
Cobalt (Co)	0.04
Molybdenum (Mo)	0.04

When growing berry crops, top dressing with "Ryazanochka" is carried out both to the roots and via the leaves. For foliar treatment, prepare a solution at a rate of 2 g of the product per 10 l of water. Root feeding is carried out with a working solution (4 g per 10 l of water) strictly according to the phases of the growing season.

1. Beginning of the growing season: the application rate is 2–4 l of solution per 2–3 m².
2. Budding — beginning of flowering: apply 3 l of solution per 2–3 m².
3. Fruiting phase: increase consumption to 3–5 l of solution per 2–3 m².

"Sudarushka" fertilizer is applied to vegetable crops according to a similar scheme. For irrigation, use a concentration of 4 g per 10 l of water, adjusting the volume of solution applied depending on the developmental phase. Foliar treatments are carried out 2–3 times per season by spraying the plants with a solution at a rate of 2 g per 10 l of water.

• Active vegetative growth — 1–2 l/m²;
• Budding — 2–3 l/m²;
• Fruit formation — 2–3 l/m².

Sventovit-BIO: phytoextract for plant stimulation and protection

"Sventovit-BIO" herbal extract combines the functions of a fast-acting fertilizer and a biologically active growth stimulant. The product contains macronutrients, a complex of micronutrients, amino acids, proteins, and the natural growth regulator gibbersib. The composition includes extracts of dandelion, chamomile, valerian, yarrow, burdock root, sage, lavender, and nettle. Such a complex improves the decorative qualities of plants, activates their growth, and ensures balanced nutrition.

The herbal components are selected taking into account their mutual influence on plant physiology. Chamomile, yarrow, and lavender perform a protective function due to their pronounced insecticidal properties. Vitamins A, B, and K, contained in nettle, sage, and yarrow, stimulate metabolic processes. Burdock root extract, rich in glycosides and mineral acids, acts as a powerful adaptogen that strengthens the plant immune system under stressful conditions.

The product is used in greenhouses and open soil for irrigation and spraying of vegetable, berry, floral, and ornamental crops. In ornamental plant growing, its use promotes earlier flowering, increases the size and number of buds, and enhances the brightness of petal color. In the phase of intensive growth, houseplants require regular application of the product every 10–12 days.

• Nitrogen (N) — 4.5 %
• Phosphorus (P) — 1.5 %
• Potassium (K) — 4.5 %
• Soil irrigation — 0.5% solution
• Leaf spraying — 0.3% solution
• Forcing of bulbous plants — 1.2% solution

In indoor floriculture, preference is given to frequent and regular irrigation with a weak fertilizer solution. For foliar top dressing, the leaf surface is sprayed with the product solution. Special attention should be paid to preparing bulbous crops for flowering.

Agricola. "Agricola" fertilizers are produced in dry and liquid forms. In dry form, these fertilizers are intended for floriculture and vegetable growing. The "Agricola" series for floriculture includes the universal fertilizer "Agricola for houseplants," used for asparagus, balsams, begonias, geraniums, dieffenbachias, coleus, columnea, marantas, ivies, tradescantias, violets, fittonias, fuchsias, chlorophytums, cyclamens, cissus, and other plants. It contains 23% nitrogen, 11% phosphorus, 23% potassium, 0.08% boron, 0.016% copper, 0.16% iron, 0.08% manganese, 0.008% molybdenum, and 0.016% zinc. For non-flowering species (asparagus, crotons, ivies, poinsettia, tradescantias, chlorophytums, cissus), "Agricola for ornamental foliage plants" is produced. For flowering species, such as ageratum, aphelandra, balsams, begonias, gardenias, geraniums, camellias, spathiphyllums, violets, cyclamens, flowering bulbous plants, and others, one can use "Agricola for flowering plants" with a content of 23% nitrogen, 11% phosphorus, and 23% potassium. In addition to the mentioned elements, it contains boron, copper, zinc, manganese, iron, and molybdenum. "Agricola for cacti and succulents" is used for top dressing various types of cacti and crops with similar nutritional requirements (agaves, aloe, gasteria, kalanchoe, mammillaria, euphorbia, notocactus, opuntia, pachyphytum, echinopsis, echinocactus, rhipsalidopsis). Contains: 12% nitrogen, 26% phosphorus, 20% potassium, 0.13% boron, 0.03% copper, 0.27% iron, 0.13% manganese, 0.06% molybdenum, 0.03% zinc.

"Agricola for indoor and garden roses" and "Agricola for palms" are produced, which are intended for the top dressing of most species of ornamental palms and some other plants (dracaena, calathea, livistona, maranta, monstera, trachycarpus, philodendron, date palm, chamaedorea, chamaerops, howea, yucca). "Agricola for ficus" is intended for the top dressing of *Ficus aspera*, *F. deltoidea*, *F. lyrata*, *F. pumila*, *F. religiosa*, *F. rubiginosa*, and *F. elastica*.

Currently, a number of preparations of the "Agricola" series are produced in liquid form. Of these preparations, "Agricola Fantasy" is intended for indoor floriculture; "Agricola Forward" is for growing vegetable transplants and ornamental flower crops. In addition, under the "Green Planet" brand in the "Agricola" series, production of flower fertilizers in 200 g boxes has begun. The "Green Planet" series includes eight types of fertilizers for cacti, ficus, palms, flowering plants, ornamental foliage plants, indoor flowers, berries, and garden roses. All of them contain a set of macro- and micro-nutrients optimal for each group of plants.

It is recommended to use "Agricola" series fertilizers for irrigating flowers once every 10–14 days at a rate of 5 g/2 l of water. It is also possible to use them for foliar top dressing of plants.

Aquarin is a water-soluble mineral fertilizer. The most common in this series are "Aquarin-Potato", "Aquarin-Fruit", "Aquarin-Color", and "Aquarin-Junior".

"Aquarin-Potato" contains 12% nitrogen, 12% phosphorus, 35% potassium, 1.0% magnesium, 0.7% sulfur, 0.054% iron (EDTA), 0.02% boron, 0.042% manganese (EDTA), 0.004% molybdenum, 0.01% copper (EDTA), and 0.014% zinc (EDTA).

It is applied independently or together with plant protection products. When added to a pesticide solution, it acts as an anti-stress agent, helping plants easier withstand stress from pesticide exposure. Over the growing season, it is possible to carry out 3–4 applications: 1st and 2nd – before hilling, 3rd – before flowering, 4th – after flowering. The application rate is 20–30 g/10 l of water per 100 m².

"Aquarin-Junior" is used for top dressing of vegetable, fruit-bearing, and ornamental crops from the transplant stage until the beginning of flowering. It contains 19.0% nitrogen (11.9% NH4; 7.1% NO3), 6% phosphorus, 20% potassium, 1.5% magnesium, 1.4% sulfur, 0.054% iron (EDTA), 0.02% boron, 0.042% manganese (EDTA), 0.014% molybdenum, 0.01% copper (EDTA), and 0.014% zinc (EDTA).

Method of application: 20 g of fertilizer is dissolved in 10 l of water. This solution is used for root and foliar top dressing. Frequency of top dressing: cucumbers, peppers, tomatoes, eggplants – every 10 days; cabbage, onions, radish, and other vegetables – every 2 weeks; fruit and berry shrubs – once a month at a rate of 5–10 l per bush; indoor plants – every 10–15 days.

"Aquarin-Fruit" is used for the top dressing of vegetable, fruit, and ornamental crops in the fruiting phase. It is effective during the flowering phase of plants. It contains 12% nitrogen (10% NO3; 2% NH4), 12% phosphorus, 35% potassium, 1.0% sodium, 0.07% sulfur, 0.054% iron (EDTA), 0.014% zinc (EDTA), 0.01% copper (EDTA), 0.042% manganese (EDTA), 0.04% molybdenum, and 0.02% boron.

Method of application: 20 g of fertilizer is dissolved in 10 l of water. Root and foliar top dressing are performed. Frequency of top dressing: vegetable crops – every 10 days; fruit and berry shrubs – once a month at a rate of 5–10 l per bush; indoor plants – every 10–15 days.

"Aquarin-Color" is intended for the top dressing of vegetable, fruit, and ornamental plants during the flowering and early fruiting phases. It contains 15% nitrogen (11.3% N–NO3; 3.7% N–NH4), 5% phosphorus, 30% potassium, 1.7% magnesium, 1.3% sulfur, 0.054% iron (EDTA), 0.02% boron, 0.042% manganese (EDTA), 0.004% molybdenum, 0.01% copper (EDTA), and 0.014% zinc (EDTA).

Method of application: 20 g of fertilizer is dissolved in 10 l of water. Root and foliar top dressing are performed with the following frequency: vegetable crops – every 10 days; fruit and berry shrubs – once a month at a rate of 5–10 l per bush; indoor plants – every 10–15 days.

Kemira. The supplier of fertilizers is the "Kemira Agro" firm (Finland). Fertilizers of this series are also produced in our country. Among the "Kemira" brand fertilizers, the following should be noted: "Kemira Universal", "Kemira Universal-2", "Kemira Lux", "Kemira Super", "Kemira Combi", "Kemira Flower", "Kemira Lawn", "Kemira Potato", and "Kemira Potato-5". All these fertilizers dissolve easily and quickly in water, contain a set of macro- and micro-nutrients selected for different types of plants, and mix well with other fertilizers. The manufacturing technology of "Kemira" fertilizers is such that each granule contains a full set of nutrients, which contributes to their uniform application into the soil.

"Kemira Universal" contains 10% nitrogen (6.2% NH4; 3.8% NO3), 10% phosphorus, 20.0–20.5% potassium, 11% sulfur, 2.5% magnesium, 1.0% calcium, 0.1% iron, 0.15% boron, 0.1–0.15% copper, 0.1–0.7% manganese, 0.01–0.1% molybdenum, 0.1–0.7% zinc, and 0.0006% selenium; solubility is 85–87%.

"Kemira Universal" is used as a base fertilizer for vegetable crops in greenhouses and open fields during the growing of transplants and for flower plants. The fertilizer is mixed with the substrate during tillage well before planting; then the nutrients have time to distribute evenly in the substrate before planting the transplants. It can also be applied during the growing season of plants. To do this, it is scattered over the soil surface followed by light loosening.

Below are the manufacturer-recommended application rates for "Kemira Universal" fertilizer.

"Kemira Universal-2" contains 12.0% nitrogen (9.4 NH₄; 3.3 NO₃), 8.0% phosphorus, 14% potassium, 2.0% magnesium, 8.0% sulfur, 0.2% iron, 0.1% boron, 0.1% copper, 0.2% manganese, 0.1% zinc, and 0.01% molybdenum. It is used for growing horticultural crops and vegetables in open soil and greenhouses. It is designed specifically for use in the cultivation of chlorine-sensitive vegetable, fruit, and berry crops, potatoes, and ornamental plants.

"Kemira Universal-2" is used as a base fertilizer and for top dressing during the growing season. For base application, the fertilizer is distributed evenly over the soil surface and incorporated to a depth of 10–15 cm. Top dressing for vegetable crops is carried out 25–30 days after planting seedlings. The fertilizer is applied by spreading it evenly over the cultivated area and incorporating it into the soil.

Below are the manufacturer-recommended application rates for "Kemira Universal-2" for various crops.

Table 149 – Approximate application rates for "Kemira Universal-2" Crop Rate, kg/100m2

 Potato 50–80 Tomato, pepper 60–80 Lettuce, spinach, pea, dill, parsley 80–100 Carrot, turnip, onion, radish, beet 100–120 Cabbage, rutabaga, cucumber, pumpkin, celery, rhubarb 120–160 Strawberry 20–30 Currant, raspberry 40–60 Young fruit trees 30–60 Mature fruit trees 70–90 Deciduous trees, shrubs 100–120 Roses, flowers for flowerbeds 80–100 Lawn grasses 100–150

"Kemira Lux" contains 16% nitrogen (7.9 NO₃; 8.1 NH₄), 21% phosphorus, 27% potassium, 0.1% iron, 0.1% manganese, 0.02% boron, 0.01% zinc, 0.01% copper, 0.002% molybdenum; fertilizer solubility is 100%.

Recommendations from "Kemira-Agro" for the use of "Kemira Lux" fertilizer: Growing seedlings: dissolve 20 g of fertilizer in 20 l of water and irrigate once a week. Houseplants: dissolve 20 g of fertilizer in 10 l of water and use during every irrigation in summer, and every third or fourth time in winter. Top dressing in a greenhouse: dissolve 20 g of fertilizer in 10 l of water and irrigate once a week. Top dressing in open soil: dissolve 20 g of fertilizer in 10 l of water and irrigate once a week.

"Kemira Super" contains 11% nitrogen, 24% phosphorus, 24% potassium; fertilizer solubility is 100%.

"Kemira Combi" contains 14% nitrogen, 10% phosphorus, 25% potassium; fertilizer solubility is 100%.

"Kemira Flower" contains 17.7% nitrogen (10.3 NH₄, 7.4 NO₃), 9.4% phosphorus, 11.2% potassium, 0.55% calcium, 0.5% magnesium, 0.7% sulfur, 0.09% boron, 0.08% copper, 0.16% iron, 0.16% manganese, 0.08% molybdenum, 0.09% zinc; fertilizer solubility is 100%.

Perennial flowers 50–60 g/m2

Roses, clematis 80–90 g/m2

Annual flowers 80–100 g/m2

Bulbous plants 100–120 g/m2

"Kemira Lawn" contains 11.3% nitrogen (4.4 NO₃, 6.9 NH₄), 12.0% phosphorus, 26.0% potassium, 0.55% calcium, 0.7% magnesium, 0.09% boron, 0.08% copper, 0.16% iron, 0.16% manganese, 0.08% molybdenum, 0.09% zinc; fertilizer solubility is 95–100%. Before establishing a lawn, fertilizer is applied at a rate of 1.0–1.5 kg/m3 of soil and mixed thoroughly. After every second mowing, spread the fertilizer at a rate of 5–7 kg/100 m2 of lawn and irrigate. In spring, for healthy, uniform grass growth, top dress the lawn with 4–5–7 kg/100 m2 of fertilizer.

"Kemira Potato" contains 12.0% nitrogen, 14.0% phosphorus, 17.0% potassium; the fertilizer has 100% water solubility. Application rate is 60–80 g/m2. If the fertilizer is placed in the planting hole, the rate is 15–20 g per plant, with mandatory mixing with the soil. Top dressing during the growing season is performed before loosening; the rate is 30–40 g/m2.

"Kemira Potato-5" contains 10.7% nitrogen (5 NH₄, 5.7 NO₃), 8.7% phosphorus, 16.0% potassium, 2.7% magnesium, 2.7% sulfur; water solubility is 100%.

"Kemira Autumn" is a granulated fertilizer with macro- and micronutrients for ornamental fruit trees and shrubs, as well as for bulbous plants. Contains: 4.8% nitrogen, 20.8% phosphorus, 31.3% potassium, 0.55% calcium, 0.5% magnesium, 0.7% sulfur, 0.09% boron, 0.08% copper, 0.016% iron, 0.16% manganese, 0.08% molybdenum, 0.09% zinc. The fertilizer is applied to the planting hole before planting nursery plants of fruit and ornamental trees and shrubs at a rate of 60–80 g; for bulbous plants – 80–100 g/m2. For top dressing, the fertilizer is spread over the tree trunk circle at a rate of 30–40 g.

"Kemira Plus" is a fully water-soluble fertilizer containing 14.7% nitrogen (8.9 NH₄, 5.8 NO₃), 5.5% phosphorus, 33.8% potassium, 1.8% calcium, 2.35% sulfur, 0.02% boron, 0.01% copper, 0.1% iron, 0.1% manganese, 0.002% molybdenum, 0.01% zinc, 0.001% cobalt. The micronutrients are in chelated form. The fertilizer is suitable for root and foliar top dressing. For root top dressing, 20–25 g of fertilizer is dissolved in 10 l of water and applied by irrigation once a week. Foliar top dressing is performed using a 1% aqueous solution (10 g per 1 l of water).

Kristalon is a water-soluble fertilizer. The most common in this series are:

Kristalon "Krista-K" is a universal fertilizer for improving fruit quality; it contains 13.5% nitrogen and 46% potassium.

"Kristalon Yellow" contains 13% nitrogen, 40% phosphorus, 13% potassium, 0.07% iron, 0.025% boron, 0.024% manganese, 0.004% molybdenum, 0.01% copper, 0.025% zinc. It is recommended for stimulating root system development.

"Kristalon Blue" is recommended for seedlings and top dressing of growing plants before the flowering phase begins. Contains 19% nitrogen, 6% phosphorus, 20% potassium, 0.07% iron, 0.025% boron, 0.04% manganese, 0.004% molybdenum, 0.01% copper, 0.025% zinc.

"Kristalon White" is recommended for enhancing flowering and fruit set. Contains 15% nitrogen, 5% phosphorus, 30% potassium, 3% magnesium, 0.07% iron, 0.025% boron, 0.04% manganese, 0.004% molybdenum, 0.01% copper, 0.025% zinc.

"Kristalon Red" is recommended to enhance fruit set. It contains 12% nitrogen, 12% phosphorus, 36% potassium, 1% magnesium, 0.07% iron, 0.025% boron, 0.04% manganese, 0.004% molybdenum, 0.01% copper, and 0.025% zinc.

"Kristalon Special" is recommended for the development of vegetative mass. It contains 18% nitrogen, 18% phosphorus, 18% potassium, 3% magnesium, 0.07% iron, 0.025% boron, 0.04% manganese, 0.004% molybdenum, 0.01% copper, and 0.025% zinc.

"Kristalon Lilac" is recommended for use in soils with a high potassium content. It contains 20% nitrogen, 8% phosphorus, 8% potassium, 2% magnesium, 0.07% iron, 0.025% boron, 0.04% manganese, 0.004% molybdenum, 0.01% copper, and 0.025% zinc.

"Kristalon Brown" is used in combination with calcium nitrate to prepare balanced nutrient solutions, which are applied when growing plants in protected ground on inert substrates (mineral wool, peat, sandstone, nutrient film technique). It contains 3% nitrogen, 11% phosphorus, 38% potassium, 4% magnesium, 0.07% iron, 0.025% boron, 0.04% manganese, 0.004% molybdenum, 0.01% copper, and 0.025% zinc.

"Kristalon Orange" is recommended for fruit crops, watermelons, and other plants when a high nitrogen content is undesirable, for example, during ripening. It contains 6% nitrogen, 12% phosphorus, 36% potassium, 3% magnesium, 0.07% iron, 0.025% boron, 0.04% manganese, 0.004% molybdenum, 0.01% copper, and 0.025% zinc.

"Kristalon Azure" is a special formulation for slow-growing ornamental plants. It is also used for top dressing transplants, berries, and plants grown in containers. It contains 20% nitrogen, 8% phosphorus, 8% potassium, 2% magnesium, 0.07% iron, 0.025% boron, 0.04% manganese, 0.004% molybdenum, 0.01% copper, and 0.025% zinc.

Top dressing with Kristalon is combined with the irrigation of flowering plants 1–2 times, and vegetable and fruit/berry crops 2–4 times per month; application rate is 20 g/1 L of water.

When choosing Kristalon types, it is necessary to pay attention to the specific needs of the fertilized plants. For foliage ornamental plants, either a predominance of nitrogen over phosphorus and potassium or equal proportions are important, whereas for other plants the situation is the opposite. Flowering and fruiting plants primarily need phosphorus and potassium, as these elements stimulate the formation of flower buds and seeds, and also ensure good flower color, as well as rapid ripening of seeds and fruits. Therefore, applying fertilizers with a high content of phosphorus and potassium is especially important before flowering. For this purpose, before the onset of the flowering phase, it is recommended to use a mixture of Yellow and Red Kristalon, and after flowering – White and Special Kristalon.

Master is a soluble microcrystalline fertilizer. Thanks to its ability to dissolve completely, "Master" can be used in the most complex irrigation systems and for foliar top dressing. The fertilizer contains trace elements in EDTA chelated form. Each type of fertilizer is colored. Unlike other similar products, in which EDTA and DTPA chelates are stable in the pH range from 3 to 5.5, the chelates used in "Master" are stable in a wider pH range from 3 to 11.

Total N 18.0 13.0 3.0 15.0 17.0 9.0 10.0 Nitrate N 4.9 3.8 3.0 8.4 5.0 9.0 6.5 Ammoniacal N 3.3 9.2 – 3.6 12.0 – 3.5 Amide N 9.8 – – 3.0 – – – P2O5 18.0 40.0 11.0 5.0 6.0 – 18.0 K2O 18.0 13.0 38.0 30.0 18.0 46.0 32.0 MgO 3.0 – 4.0 2.0 – – – SO3 4.0 1.5 10.0 11.0 29.0 10.0 8.0 B 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Fe 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 Mn 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 Zn 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Cu 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 Mo 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 Appearance powder powder powder powder powder powder powder Color light blue orange red green white white white Density, g/cm 0.77 1.11 1.22 0.84 0.98 1.33 1.1 pH (1% aqueous solution) 4.5 4.7 3.1 5.6 5.2 3.5 4.0 Solubility,

55 48 10 30 47 20 15 g/100cc Humidity, % 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2

Fertigation* is performed at 0.5–1.5 kg of fertilizer per 1000 m2 per day. If it is not performed daily, the dose is increased in proportion to the number of skipped days.

The "Master" nutrient complexes (microelements) differ from analogues in a higher degree of chemical purity and solubility, which is a decisive factor for the effectiveness of foliar top dressing. They are used to correct plant mineral nutrition and increase yield and quality. They are applied together with pesticides, requiring no additional costs. When applied with herbicides, the stress impact of the latter on crops is reduced without affecting the effectiveness of weed suppression.

MicroMix is a mineral fertilizer. The most common ones in this series are "MicroMix-Vegetables", "MicroMix-Lux", "MicroMix-Universal", and "MicroMix-Lawn".

"MicroMix-Universal" is intended for top dressing transplants, vegetable, fruit, berry, and flower crops in open and protected ground. It contains 18% nitrogen, 18% phosphorus, 18% potassium, 2% magnesium; trace elements.

Apply at a rate of 20 g of fertilizer per 10 L of water. Plants are top-dressed with this solution by irrigation or spraying: vegetables once a week, 2 weeks after planting the transplants in the soil; fruit and berry crops – 2–3 times per season: early in spring, at the green fruit set phase, and if necessary 2 weeks after the 2nd top dressing; flower and ornamental crops – annuals once every 10–15 days; perennials 2–3 times per season: early in spring, at the budding phase, and after flowering.

"MicroMix-Lux" is intended for top dressing vegetable, berry, and flower crop transplants, as well as ornamental trees, shrubs, and perennial flower crops. It contains 12% nitrogen, 35% phosphorus, 12% potassium, 2% magnesium; trace elements Mo, Zn.

A water solution is used – 20 g of fertilizer per 10 l of water, which is applied for top dressing once a week by root irrigation, via drip irrigation systems, or by spraying. Application rates for the working solution are standard.

"MikroMik-ovoshchi" is intended for top dressing of vegetable crops. It contains 9% nitrogen, 15% phosphorus, 30% potassium, 2% magnesium; micronutrients: Fe, Mn, Mo.

Method of application: 20 g of fertilizer is dissolved in 10 l of water. This solution is used for top dressing by irrigation: for tomatoes, peppers, and cucumbers – once a week, starting 10–15 days after planting transplants into the soil; for onions – 2–3 times during the growing season; for carrots, beets, and celery – 2 times, 10–15 days after thinning, at the stage of 3–4 true leaves (beginning of root formation); for potatoes – 1–2 times (2 weeks after emergence and at the budding stage).

"MikroMik-gazon" is intended for top dressing of lawns, sports courts, and grass areas, and for maintaining the turf in a healthy state. It contains 20% nitrogen, 5% phosphorus, 20% potassium, 3% magnesium; micronutrients Mo, Zn.

Dissolve 20 g of fertilizer in 10 l of water and irrigate the lawns: once early in spring, then after each mowing. Top dressing should be performed until mid-August.

* application of fertilizer with irrigation water

Pokon. The supplier of the ''Pokon'' series fertilizers to the Russian consumer market is the firm ''Pokon-Crisal'' (Holland). The product range manufactured by the company includes:

Fertilizer for balcony and terrace plants with 18% nitrogen, 6% phosphorus, 12% potassium, 0.04% iron, 0.02% boron, 0.02% manganese, 0.002% molybdenum, 0.004% copper, and 0.004% zinc. Application rate: 300 g of fertilizer per 75 l of potting soil.

Fertilizer for garden plants with 18% nitrogen, 6% phosphorus, 12% potassium, 0.02% boron, 0.004% copper, 0.04% iron, 0.02% manganese, 0.002% molybdenum, and 0.004% zinc. Application rate: 1 kg per 40 m2.

Long-acting super-fertilizer for conifers. Contains 19% nitrogen, 6% phosphorus, 21% potassium, 3% magnesium. Application rate: 1 kg per 57 plants or per 20 m2.

Long-acting super-fertilizer for roses. Contains 20% nitrogen, 17% phosphorus, 17% potassium. Application rate: 1 kg per 20 m2.

Fertilizer for lawns with 20–30% nitrogen, 5–8% phosphorus, 7–8% potassium, 4% magnesium. Application rate: 1 kg per 50 m2.

Fertilizer for rhododendrons and hydrangeas – contains 19% nitrogen, 6% phosphorus, 26% potassium. Rate – 35–40 g per 1 plant.

Fertilizer for indoor plants. Contains 17% nitrogen, 7% phosphorus, 13% potassium, 0.02% boron, 0.004% copper, 0.04% iron, 0.02% manganese, 0.002% molybdenum, 0.004% zinc. Application rate: 300 g of fertilizer per 75 l of potting soil.

Fertilizer for roses. Contains 9% nitrogen, 9% phosphorus, 9% potassium, 3% magnesium. Application rate: 1 kg per 20 m2.

Fertilizer for tomatoes with 8% nitrogen, 5% phosphorus, 8% potassium, 10% magnesium. Application rate: 1 kg per 15 m2.

Fertilizer for strawberries with 4% nitrogen, 6% phosphorus, 12% potassium, 8% magnesium. Application rate: 1 kg per 25 m2.

Fertilizer for conifers with anti-browning agent. Contains 5% nitrogen, 9% phosphorus, 16% potassium, 4% magnesium + 15% Epsom salt. Application rate: 0.9 kg of fertilizer and 0.1 kg of anti-browning agent per 1 tree.

Fertilizer for potted plants ''Extra''. Contains 8% nitrogen, 3% phosphorus, 5% potassium, 0.02% boron, 0.004% copper, 0.04% iron, 0.02% manganese, 0.002% molybdenum, 0.004% zinc. Application rate: 300 g of fertilizer per 75 l of potting soil.

Fertilizer for flowering plants ''Extra''. Contains 5% nitrogen, 5% phosphorus, 7% potassium, 0.02% boron, 0.004% copper, 0.04% iron, 0.020% manganese, 0.002% molybdenum, 0.004% zinc. Application rate: 10 ml per ½ l of water.

From the series of fertilizers under the "Uniflor" brand, the following should be noted: "Uniflor-rost", "Uniflor-buton", "Uniflor-kaktus", "Uniflor-mikro", "Uniflor-mikro

These fertilizers contain two groups of elements:

• Group A: in addition to the macronutrients necessary for plants, contains iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, cobalt, iodine, and chromium.
• Group B: in addition to the mentioned micronutrients, includes nickel, vanadium, lithium, selenium, titanium, tungsten, bromine, sodium, and rubidium.

"Uniflor" line: stable chelated complexes for open and protected soil

When macronutrients are applied as simple salts, chemical reactions occur in the soil solution, causing micronutrients to bind and precipitate into an insoluble form. Plants lose access to nutrients, which directly reduces yield and delays development. To solve this problem in greenhouses and open soil, the micronutrients in the "Uniflor" fertilizer line (except for boron, iodine, selenium, bromine, and rubidium) have been converted into a chelated form. This guarantees the stability of nutrient solutions, which is especially critical for hydroponic systems and artificial substrates.

Depending on the plant development phase and specific goals, you can choose a specialized formula. The preparations "Uniflor-rost" (suitable for transplants, aloe, palms, and ficuses) and "Uniflor-zeleny list" stimulate active vegetative mass growth. For the budding, flowering, and fruiting phases, "Uniflor-buton" (recommended for azaleas, lemons, hippeastrums, and also for the final stage of vegetable transplants) and "Uniflor-tsvetok" are intended, which focus on potassium and phosphorus. For variegated crops, the "Uniflor-pestry list" complex has been developed, and for succulents — "Uniflor-kaktus", containing chelated calcium for proper needle and fuzz formation. High-concentrate "Uniflor-mikro" is used as a base for nutrient mixtures and foliar treatments.

• Basic consumption of "Uniflor" — 2.5–3 ml per 1 l of water
• Consumption in open soil — 1 l/m²
• "Uniflor-rost" solution — 4–5 g per 10 l of water (or 5 ml per 1.5–2 l)
• Frequency of treatments — once every 10–15 days
• Boron content in "Boroplus" — 11 %

Nutrient	Uniflor-rost	Uniflor-buton	Uniflor-micro (composition 1)	Uniflor-micro (composition 2)	Uniflor-cactus
Nitrogen (N)	70 g/l	47 g/l	25 g/l	—	25 mg/l
Phosphorus (P)	26 g/l	32 g/l	—	—	31 (unit not specified)
Potassium (K)	70 g/l	88 g/l	—	—	77 (unit not specified)
Magnesium (Mg)	5 g/l	5 g/l	15 g/l	—	0.7 (unit not specified)
Sulfur (S)	6.6 g/l	6.6 g/l	19.8 g/l	—	0.9 (unit not specified)
Calcium (Ca)	—	—	—	—	2.7 (unit not specified)
Iron (Fe)	533 mg/l	533 mg/l	3200 mg/l	10000 mg/l	533 mg/l
Sodium (Na)	310 mg/l	310 mg/l	2400 mg/l	—	310 mg/l
Manganese (Mn)	133 mg/l	133 mg/l	1600 mg/l	2500 mg/l	133 mg/l
Boron (B)	100 mg/l	100 mg/l	1200 mg/l	1800 mg/l	100 mg/l
Zinc (Zn)	30 mg/l	30 mg/l	—	560 mg/l	30 mg/l
Copper (Cu)	27 mg/l	27 mg/l	—	498 mg/l	27 mg/l
Molybdenum (Mo)	12 mg/l	12 mg/l	—	224 mg/l	12 mg/l
Cobalt (Co)	8 mg/l	8 mg/l	—	150 mg/l	8 mg/l
Iodine (I)	6.7 mg/l	6.7 mg/l	80 mg/l	124 mg/l	6.7 mg/l
Nickel (Ni)	3.3 mg/l	3.3 mg/l	40 mg/l	62 mg/l	3.3 mg/l
Vanadium (V)	2.0 mg/l	2.0 mg/l	24 mg/l	37 mg/l	2.0 mg/l
Lithium (Li)	2.0 mg/l	2.0 mg/l	24 mg/l	37 mg/l	2.0 mg/l
Chromium (Cr)	1.9 mg/l	1.9 mg/l	22 mg/l	35 mg/l	1.9 mg/l
Selenium (Se)	1.6 mg/l	1.6 mg/l	19 mg/l	30 mg/l	1.6 mg/l
Tungsten (W)	1.3 mg/l	1.3 mg/l	8 mg/l	25 mg/l	1.3 mg/l
Bromine (Br)	1.0 mg/l	1.0 mg/l	12 mg/l	19 mg/l	1.0 mg/l
Aluminum (Al)	0.7 mg/l	0.7 mg/l	1.8 mg/l	12 mg/l	0.7 mg/l
Rubidium (Ru)	0.02 mg/l	0.02 mg/l	0.24 mg/l	0.36 mg/l	0.02 mg/l

Organic boron "Boroplus": treatment regulations for fruit crops and grapes

Boron deficiency leads to disruption of flowering processes, fruit set shedding, and deterioration of the commercial appearance of fruits. Liquid fertilizer "Boroplus" contains 11% boron in organic form (compounded with ethanolamine), which ensures rapid absorption of the element by plants without the risk of burns. The preparation is highly effective both for foliar feeding and for application via drip irrigation systems. Dosages and application phases for various crops are presented in the table.

Crop	Preparation application rate	Plant development phase (treatment timing)
Grapes	75–110 ml/hl	Before flowering
	75–110 ml/hl	After fruit set
Pear	45–60 ml/hl	At 30% flower bloom
	45–80 ml/hl	At 60% flower bloom
	45–80 ml/hl	During the fruit-bearing period
Apple	45–60 ml/hl	At the beginning of flowering
	45–80 ml/hl	Flowering
	45–80 ml/hl	After fruit set
Citrus	110–150 ml/hl	Before flowering
	110–150 ml/hl	After fruit set
Peach, nectarines	80–110 ml/hl	After petal fall
Plum, sweet cherry	80–110 ml/hl	After fruit set
Olives	180–220 ml/hl	Before flowering
	180–220 ml/hl	After fruit set
Sugar beet	0.5–1 l/ha	At the 4–6 leaf stage
	0.5–1 l/ha	After... (source data incomplete)

20–25 days, 0.5–1.0 l/ha 20 days before harvesting Sunflower, rapeseed, corn, 0.75 – 1 l/ha at the beginning of flowering cotton, peanut Carrot, radish, celery, cauliflower 150–180 ml/hl at the 4–6 leaf stage. 150–180 ml/hl after 20–25 days Tomatoes, sweet pepper, eggplant, 110–150 ml/hl at the beginning of flowering strawberry, watermelon, zucchini, pumpkin Chrysanthemums, roses, azaleas, ca- 75–110 ml/hl before bud formation mellias, ornamental plants

* hl – hectoliter (100 l)

Brexil is a complete range of individual micronutrients based on ligninpolycarboxylic acid, specially developed to prevent micronutrient deficiency during fertigation and foliar feeding of plants.

Fertigation: 8–12 kg/ha. When applying Brexil Fe and Brexil Mn fertilizers, do not exceed the rate of 150 g/hl for greenhouse plants, and for Brexil Zn – do not exceed the dose of 100 g/hl. Pears, apricots, kiwi – do not treat after the fruit has reached half its size. Do not mix with substances containing calcium without preliminary testing.

Hydromix is a micro-fertilizer containing boron, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, and molybdenum. It is used to stimulate seed emergence and germination energy, and to increase plant resistance to diseases and adverse weather conditions during the initial growth phases.

The composition of Hydromix includes: B – 0.65; Cu (EDTA) – 0.27; Fe (EDTA) – 0.70; Fe (EDTA) – 6.30; Mn (EDTA) – 3.30; Zn (EDTA) – 0.60; Mo – 0.20%. Chelated forms of microelements are highly compatible with seed treatments and do not become fixed in the soil. Its application is compatible with centralized semi-dry seed treatment using machines of the PS-10 type.

Micrassa is a universal micro-fertilizer for treating seeds and planting material, as well as for top dressing during the growing season of ornamental flowers, lawns, vegetables, and fruit-berry crops.

Micrassa micro-fertilizer is produced based on pure salts of microelements (boron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, cobalt, manganese, iodine) without fillers. The preparation simultaneously stimulates and disinfects seeds, provides seedlings with microelements, and prevents their death from root rots at early stages of development. It is available in tablet form, which eliminates overdosing and allows for the preparation of low-concentration solutions, from which microelements penetrate more easily and quickly into cells through the seed coat and leaf surface and are fully assimilated by plants without causing burns.

Seeds are soaked in Micrassa (1 tablet or 0.2 g per 0.5 l of water) for 12 hours and sown without drying. For small seeds, soaking is replaced by fine-mist irrigation immediately after sowing before mulching. Foliar top dressing of seedlings (1 tablet or 0.2 g per 2–10 l of water) is carried out twice: the first time at the 1–2 true leaf stage, the second — a week before transplanting seedlings to their permanent location.

Micrassa can also be used as an additive to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, humates, and growth stimulants (heteroauxin), as well as anti-stress preparations (epin, immunocytophyte). This increases the plant assimilation of macronutrients from fertilizers.

Tenso-Cocktail contains a full set of microelements. The supplier of this fertilizer is the Norwegian company "Norsk Hydro". It is used for foliar top dressing during the plant growing season. It is applied 3 times during the growing season, providing balanced microelement nutrition to the plants.

Fertilizers of the Chelafarm series represent a range of EDTA chelated soluble elements in micro-granules. The following types of preparations are distinguished:

• Chelafarm Calcium (10%)
• Chelafarm Copper (15%)
• Chelafarm Iron (13%)
• Chelafarm Magnesium (6%)
• Chelafarm Manganese (13%)
• Chelafarm Zinc (15%)

These fertilizers are particularly effective when applied to the root zone during planting or to the soil through fertigation — drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation. Application rates depend on the scale of deficiency, climate, soil type, and method of application.

Table 151 – Fertigation with Chelafarm series fertilizers

Crops	Chelafarm Calcium	Chelafarm Copper	Chelafarm Iron	Chelafarm Magnesium	Chelafarm Manganese	Chelafarm Zinc
Citrus			25–150 g/plant	30–50 g/plant	30–100 g/plant	30–100 g/plant
Apples, pears			25–150 g/plant	30–50 g/plant	30–70 g/plant	30–70 g/plant
Grapes, kiwi			10–25 g/plant	10–20 g/plant	10–25 g/plant	10–25 g/plant
Roses			5–10 g/plant	5–10 g/plant	10–25 g/plant	5–10 g/plant
Field crops	6–10 kg/ha	6–10 kg/ha	6–10 kg/ha	6–10 kg/ha	6–10 kg/ha	6–10 kg/ha

Table 152 – Foliar top dressing with Chelafarm series fertilizers

 Crops Chelafarm Calcium Chelafarm Copper Chelafarm Iron Chelafarm Magnesium Chelafarm Manganese Chelafarm Zinc Citrus From fruit set 100–150 g/hl* 100 g/hl 100 g/hl 100 g/hl 100 g/hl 100 g/hl every 15–20 days Stone fruits From fruit set 80–100 g/hl 80–100 g/hl 80–100 g/hl 80–100 g/hl 70–100 g/hl 80–100 g/hl every 15–20 days Apple, pear From fruit formation 100–130 g/hl 100 g/hl 100 g/hl 100 g/hl 100 g/hl 100 g/hl every 15–20 days Grapes, kiwi 100 g/hl 80–100 g/hl 70–100 g/hl 80–100 g/hl 100 g/hl 100 g/hl every 15–20 days Vegetables 50–80 g/hl 70–100 g/hl 50–100 g/hl 75–100 g/hl 70–100 g/hl 100 g/hl Cereals 1–1.5 kg/ha 1–1.5 kg/ha 1–2 kg/ha 1–1.5 kg/ha 1 kg/ha Ornamental crops 50–100 g/ha Soy 1–1.5 kg/ha 1–1.5 kg/ha 1–1.5 kg/ha Cotton 1–1.5 kg/ha 1–1.5 kg/ha 1–1.5 kg/ha * hl – 100 liters

COMPO company fertilizers. Basfoliar Combi-Stipp is a nitrogen-calcium fertilizer intended for foliar top dressing of plants. The fertilizer prevents the spread of diseases such as bitter pit (subcutaneous spotting) of fruits and leaf spot of apple trees. Contains: N – 9%; Ca – 10.7; B – 0.2; Mn – 0.4; Zn – 0.01%. Manganese and zinc are in the form of chelated compounds.

Fetrilón Combi-1 is a water-soluble fertilizer used to compensate for micronutrient deficiencies in field and vegetable crops. It contains: Fe – 4.0%; Cu – 1.5; MgO – 9; Mn – 4.0; Zn – 1.5; B – 0.5 and Mo – 0.15%. Iron, copper, manganese, and zinc are in the form of chelated compounds. Due to its high iron content, this fertilizer is used to combat plant chlorosis. It is applied via foliar top dressing.

Nitrophoska Foliar is a complex liquid fertilizer used in field and horticultural crop production for foliar top dressing of plants during their growing season. This fertilizer is particularly effective in horticulture. It contains: N – 10.0%; P – 4.0; K – 7.0; MgO – 0.02; S – 0.7; Mn – 0.01; Fe – 0.02; Zn – 0.002; B – 0.01 and Mo – 0.001%. Micronutrients are in chelated form.

Nitrophoska Solub is a concentrated, readily soluble mineral fertilizer with varying NPK ratios (15–10–15 and 8–12–24). It additionally contains magnesium, sulfur, and micronutrients in chelated form. Chlorine is present in negligible quantities (< 1%). Nitrophoska Solub, like Nitrophoska Foliar, does not replace the main soil fertilizer but serves as an additional effective measure to stimulate metabolism and compensate for macro- and micronutrient deficiencies at specific stages of the growing season, especially before and after plant flowering.

Nitrophoska Solub (8–12–24) contains: N – 8.0%; P – 12.0; K – 24.0; Mg – 4.0; S – 12.0; Fe – 0.05; B – 0.011; Cu – 0.019; Mn – 0.055; Zn – 0.0195; Mo – 0.001%.

Nitrophoska Solub (15–10–15) contains: N – 15.0%; P – 10.0; K – 15.0; Mg – 2; Fe – 0.05; B – 0.011; Cu – 0.019; Mn – 0.055; Zn – 0.019; Mo – 0.001%.

Hortysul is a soluble potassium fertilizer based on sulfate with low chlorine content. It is used for foliar top dressing of all crops to provide potassium, mainly before and during flowering when plants have a slight need for it, as well as during drought when limited potassium uptake from the soil is observed. Hortysul contains: K – 52.0% and S – 18.0%.

"FASCO" fertilizers. Bordo is a highly effective nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer intended specifically for growing table beet. It contains: 13% nitrogen, 16 – phosphorus, 18% potassium, magnesium, sodium, sulfur, and boron.

Gazon is a specially developed complex fertilizer for lawns, sports grass fields, courts, and meadows. It contains: 20% nitrogen, 10 – phosphorus, 10% potassium. It is applied during soil preparation for lawn establishment and for top dressing of lawns during the growing season.

For bulbous plants (onion and garlic) is a fertilizer designed specifically for growing bulbous plants. It contains: 7% nitrogen, 9 – phosphorus, 12 – potassium, 3% magnesium. It is used as a primary fertilizer, for top dressing, and during soil preparation for planting.

For conifers is a specially developed high-efficiency fertilizer for the maintenance of coniferous trees (juniper, thuja, spruce, pine, cypress). It contains: 10–17% nitrogen, 8–20 – phosphorus, 20–22 – potassium, 1 – magnesium, 2 – sulfur, 0.01 – boron, 0.003 – copper, 0.02 – iron, 0.01 – manganese, 0.001 – molybdenum, 0.01% zinc. The fertilizer can also be used for top dressing other ornamental crops: spindle tree, cotoneaster, mock-orange, rhododendron, etc. It is applied as a primary fertilizer when preparing the soil for planting and for root-zone top dressing.

Zelen is a high-efficiency nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer intended specifically for growing leafy green crops: lettuce, dill, cilantro, borage, parsley, celery, onion, and garlic. It contains: 7% nitrogen, 7 – phosphorus, 8 – potassium, 2% magnesium.

Kabachok is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer intended specifically for growing zucchini, scallop squash, and other cucurbits. It contains: 9% nitrogen, 13 – phosphorus, 15 – potassium, 3% magnesium.

Kapusta is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer intended specifically for growing cabbage. It contains: 11% nitrogen, 12 – phosphorus, 12 – potassium, 3% magnesium.

Kartofel is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer intended specifically for growing potatoes. It contains 13% nitrogen, 19 – phosphorus, 19% potassium. This fertilizer is applied during primary tillage, at planting, and for root-zone top dressing.

Morkov is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer intended specifically for growing carrots. It contains: 14% nitrogen, 15 – phosphorus, 18% potassium; furthermore, the fertilizer includes magnesium, sodium, and chlorine.

Water-soluble fertilizers for targeted top dressing by growing season phases

Specialized water-soluble formulations are used for the operational management of plant nutrition in greenhouses and open soil. They are instantly absorbed by the root system and leaves, allowing for the rapid compensation of macro- and micronutrient deficiencies. The use of such fertilizers helps to precisely adjust the nitrogen-potassium balance for a specific phase of plant development.

Fertilizer brand	Target crops and purpose	N, %	P, %	K, %	Mg, %	S, %	Micronutrients, %
Gloria	Top dressing of flowering and ornamental shrubs (roses, lilac, mock-orange, guelder rose)	7–14	7–11	8–24	1–3	1	B 0.01; Cu 0.003; Fe 0.02; Mn 0.01; Mo 0.001; Zn 0.01
For hydrangea	Healthy growth of hydrangeas in open soil and indoor conditions	14	11	24	1	1	B 0.01; Cu 0.003; Fe 0.02; Mn 0.01; Mo 0.001; Zn 0.01
For ornamental foliage crops	Foliar top dressing of plants in greenhouses and open soil	17	17	17	1	1	B 0.01; Cu 0.003; Fe 0.02; Mn 0.01; Mo 0.001; Zn 0.01
Strawberry	Primary application and top dressing of garden strawberry, wild strawberry, and other berry crops	17–20	10–17	10–17	1	2	B 0.01; Cu 0.003; Fe 0.02; Mn 0.01; Mo 0.001; Zn 0.01
Krepysh	Growing transplants of vegetable and flower-ornamental crops	17	8	22	1	2	B 0.01; Cu 0.003; Fe 0.02; Mn 0.01; Mo 0.001; Zn 0.01
Malyshok	Growing tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants	11–14	6–15	15–29	1	1	B 0.01; Cu 0.003; Fe 0.02; Mn 0.001; Mo 0.001; Zn 0.01
Oasis	Top dressing of palms, dracaenas, ficuses, fatsias, and monsteras	6–14	4–11	7–24	1	1	B 0.01; Cu 0.003; Fe 0.02; Mn 0.01; Mo 0.001; Zn 0.01
Rodnichok	Growing cucumbers	8–9	13–20	15–25	1	1	B 0.01; Cu 0.003; Fe 0.02; Mn 0.001; Mo 0.001; Zn 0.01
Floral	Growth of annual and perennial flowers, ornamental flowering shrubs on any soil	7–12	6–7	8–29	1–3	2	B 0.01; Cu 0.003; Fe 0.02; Mn 0.01; Mo 0.001; Zn 0.01
Flowers	Balanced nutrition for flowering crops	17	17	17	1	2	B 0.01; Cu 0.003; Fe 0.02; Mn 0.01; Mo 0.001; Zn 0.01

Dry mixtures and organo-mineral fertilizers for soil application

Dry mixed and granular organo-mineral fertilizers are used to create a basic nutrient background and provide a prolonged supply of elements to plants. They are applied directly into planting holes, furrows, or broadcast over the area with subsequent incorporation. This ensures the gradual dissolution of nutrients in the soil solution throughout the growing season.

• Nitrogen content in the "Spring" starter fertilizer — 20%
• Potassium for overwintering preparation in "Autumn" — 35%
• Magnesium for photosynthesis in the "Rhododendron" mixture — 3%
• Iron concentration in water-soluble brands — 0.02%

Fertilizer brand	Application method and specifics	N, %	P, %	K, %	Mg, %	Composition features
Rhododendron	Basic application during planting and top dressing for perennials that prefer acidic soils	7	7	8	3	Organo-mineral granular
Spring	Top dressing for vegetable, fruit, and ornamental crops at the beginning of the growing season	20	10	10	—	Water-soluble
Summer	Top dressing for vegetable, fruit, and ornamental crops during the summer period	13	16	18	contains	Additionally contains magnesium
Autumn	Top dressing for plants at the end of the growing season (especially important for perennials)	5	15	35	—	Water-soluble
Gomel Fertilizer	Universal mixed fertilizer for all cultivated crops	15	15	15	—	Mixed NPK
For ornamental shrubs	Basic application and top dressing of ornamental shrubs during the growing season	7	7	8	3	Organo-mineral granular
For fruit and berry shrubs	Basic application during planting and top dressing of fruit trees and shrubs	11	12	12	—	Highly effective dry
Ogorodnaya No. 5	Dry application for balanced nutrition of vegetable crops	6	9	9	—	Dry fertilizer blend
Fruit and Berry No. 7	Application during planting of fruit trees and shrubs, top dressing during the growing season	8	4	13	0.5	Contains trace elements
Pre-planting No. 1	Soil preparation for a wide range of crops before planting	12	6	6	—	Specialized mixture

The "Pre-planting No. 1" mixture is designed for preparing soil for planting the following plant groups:

• Fruit and berry crops: apple, pear, plum, cherry, raspberry, currant, gooseberry, strawberry;
• Vegetable crops: tomatoes, cucumbers, potatoes, cabbage, onion, garlic, parsley, horseradish, asparagus, celery;
• Flowers and ornamental plants.

Specialized fertilizer blends and micro-fertilizers: composition and application regulations

To increase yield and precisely correct nutrient deficiencies in crop production, highly specialized fertilizer blends and concentrated liquid fertilizers are used. They allow for the rapid supply of macro- and micro-nutrients to plants during critical development phases, when the root system cannot cope with nutrient uptake from the soil. The correct selection of composition helps to purposefully regulate vegetative growth, accelerate fruiting, or prepare perennials for overwintering. Below are the exact formulations of dry mixtures and liquid concentrates adapted for various technological tasks.

Dry mixtures according to the Mittleider method and specialized liquid formulations of the "Effect", "Tropic", and "For Begonias" series are designed for targeted work with specific crop groups. The table below systematizes the content of active ingredients in these brands for accurate calculation of application rates. The use of ready-made liquid forms significantly simplifies the preparation of working solutions both in greenhouses and in open ground. Each brand is oriented toward a specific physiological stage of plant development or the requirements of a specific family.

Fertilizer brand	Nitrogen, %	Phosphorus, %	Potassium, %	Magnesium, %	Sulfur, %	Trace elements
Mittleider mixture No. 1	—	—	—	—	—	Calcium — 55%, boron — 0.14%
Mittleider mixture No. 2	14.9	8.1	14.9	3	—	Boron, molybdenum
Urozhay	9	13	15	3	—	—
For Begonias	4	3	15	1	2	Boron — 0.01%, copper — 0.003%, molybdenum — 0.001%, zinc — 0.01%
Tropic	4–8	3–20	6–52	1	2	Boron — 0.01%, copper — 0.003%, iron — 0.02%, manganese — 0.01%, molybdenum — 0.001%, zinc — 0.01%
Effect Spring	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	Boron — 0.005%, copper — 0.01%, molybdenum — 0.001%, zinc — 0.01%
Effect Summer	5	10	5	1	2	Boron — 0.01%, copper — 0.003%, iron — 0.02%, manganese — 0.01%, molybdenum — 0.001%, zinc — 0.01%
Effect Autumn	2	7	7	0.1	0.1	Boron — 0.005%, copper — 0.01%, molybdenum — 0.001%, zinc — 0.01%
Effect Floral	5	10	5	0.1	0.1	Boron — 0.005%, copper — 0.01%, molybdenum — 0.001%, zinc — 0.01%

The "Tsitovit" nutrient complex is a highly concentrated solution in which all key trace elements are in a chelated form easily accessible to plants. Its composition is balanced to prevent chlorosis, stimulate immunity, and increase germination energy. 1 liter of the preparation contains: total nitrogen — 30 g, phosphorus — 5 g, potassium — 25 g, magnesium — 10 g, sulfur — 40 g, iron — 35 g, manganese — 30 g, boron — 8 g, zinc and copper — 6 g each, molybdenum — 4 g, cobalt — 2 g. Preparation of seed and planting material using this micro-fertilizer is carried out according to a strict protocol.

1. Prepare a working solution at a rate of 1.5 ml of "Tsitovit" preparation per 1.5 liters of water.
2. For pre-sowing treatment, soak the seed of vegetable and ornamental flowering crops for 10–12 hours.
3. For planting material (potatoes, vegetable bulbs, flower bulbs and rhizomes), perform spraying or brief immersion in the prepared solution before planting.

For plants during the growing season, "Tsitovit" is used both for foliar top dressing and for root irrigation. The consumption of the working solution is calculated based on the leaf canopy area and the age of the plantings. The full treatment schedule by growing season phases is presented in the table.

• Basic dosage of "Tsitovit" — 1.5 ml
• Seed soaking — 10–12 hours
• Frequency for tomatoes — once every 2 weeks
• Consumption per raspberry bush — 1.5–2 l
• Consumption per mature tree — 2–3 l

Crop	Timing and method of application	Working solution	Consumption of prepared solution
Cucumbers, tomatoes	Foliar top dressing, once every 2 weeks	1.5 ml / 3 l of water	1–1.5 l / 10 m²
Flower and ornamental crops	Foliar top dressing, 2 times before the budding phase	1.5 ml / 1.5 l of water	1–1.5 l / 10 m²
Strawberry	Foliar top dressing: after snow melt and during the budding period	1.5 ml / 1.5 l of water	1–1.5 l / 10 m²
Raspberry, currant and other shrubs	Foliar top dressing: during the budding period, after fruit set, and after harvesting	1.5 ml / 1.5 l of water	1.5–2 l per bush
Fruit trees	Foliar top dressing: during the budding period, after fruit set, and after harvesting	1.5 ml / 1.5 l of water	1 l per young tree, 2–3 l per mature tree
Transplants (after pricking out and rooting)	Root irrigation	1.5 ml / 2 l of water	As needed
Flower and ornamental plants (indoors and on balconies)	Irrigation or spraying 3–4 times a year	1.5 ml / 2 l of water	As needed