Climate change reduces the nutritional value of grain crops in India

At a time when millions of people consume wheat, rice, millet, and legumes daily, a hidden threat to public health arises. Global warming, rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, soil degradation, monocultures, and declining biodiversity are leading to a drop in iron, zinc, and protein levels in staple crops. India is already facing high levels of micronutrient deficiencies and the spread of anemia among women and children, and the deterioration of food quality exacerbates this problem.

Historically, agricultural systems have aimed at increasing gross harvest rather than the nutritional value of the yield. In this regard, experts note the necessity of revising approaches to farming. Instead of replenishing nutrient deficiencies after harvesting, it is necessary to introduce seed with natural biofortification capable of accumulating more iron and zinc. It is also necessary to develop agronomic practices to improve soil health, enhance water resource management, apply regenerative agriculture, and support crop diversity.

To adapt agriculture to climate challenges, breeders, scientists, policymakers, food producers, and farmers must shift their focus from simply increasing production volumes to providing quality nutrition for the growing population.