Organization of technological processes and the production cycle in agriculture

In agriculture, work processes (operations) are carried out in a strict technological sequence.

Technological processes, depending on the methods of transforming objects of labor into a finished product, are divided into mechanical, chemical, and preservation-related. Such a classification serves as a basis for determining the composition of equipment and maintenance methods.

Based on the level of mechanization, it is customary to distinguish between technological processes: ◊ manual, performed without the use of machines, mechanisms, and mechanized tools; ◊ machine-manual, performed with the help of machines and mechanisms with the mandatory participation of a worker, for example, milking cows using a milking machine; ◊ machine-based, carried out on machines and mechanisms with limited participation of a worker, for example, attending to cows by a machine milking operator; ◊ automated, carried out on automatic machines where the worker monitors and manages the production progress, for example, in modern livestock complexes, automated distribution of feed, removal of manure, etc.

A production cycle is a calendar period of time (days, weeks) from the moment raw materials and supplies are introduced into production until the finished product is released and accepted into a warehouse, procurement centers, meat processing plants, elevators, and other reception points for final agricultural products. The production cycle consists of two parts:

1) the technological cycle, or working period — the time of the production process, which includes time for implementation: ◊ time for preparatory and final operations; ◊ time for technological operations; ◊ time for the occurrence of natural technological processes; ◊ time for transportation during the production process; ◊ time for quality control of the product; 2) time for interruptions in the production process, which includes its parts) in various sectors of the agro-industrial complex and at different enterprises is not uniform and is determined by the nature of the process, the level of technology, and the organization of production. But with a reduction in both working time and interruption time. The experience of leading enterprises shows that at every stage of production and at every production site, opportunities can be identified for further reducing the duration of the production cycle by conducting constitutes one of the most important tasks of organizing production at agricultural enterprises (organizations), the solution of which ensures efficient, profit-