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Greenhouses and covers

Organization of vegetable growing in protected soil and hotbeds

For gardeners

2 min read

GREENHOUSES AND COVERS G

Effective management of a hotbed facility requires strict adherence to site preparation stages and knowledge of the biological characteristics of crops. Proper site selection and quality materials determine the temperature regime and light levels for plants throughout the entire growing season.

  1. Site selection for hotbeds.
  2. Construction of pits and wooden frames.
  3. Preparation and laying of heating materials (biofuel).
  4. Filling of hotbeds with soil and installation of hotbed frames.

The response of vegetable crops to light, heat, humidity, and air determines the success of their cultivation in protected ground. Improper filling of biofuel can lead to chilling or overheating of the plants' root system.

Crop rotation organization and crop specifics

To optimize the area of protected ground, frame rotation and a system of fertilizer application are used. Hotbeds are used both for transplant production for open ground and for the full production cycle of early vegetables and greens. The technology is divided by crop types and cultivation standards.

Crop or technological process Standard reference index
Requirements of vegetable crops for light, heat, humidity, and air 25
Standards and schemes of fertilizer application 98
Design of frame rotations 29
Transplant production in hotbeds (general rules) 81
Cabbage transplant production 82
Onion, pumpkin, and squash transplant production 43
Auxiliary soil preparation operations 149
Cauliflower and beet transplant production 45
Forcing crops (green onions) 45
Forcing parsley and celery for greens, growing sorrel and other salad greens 46
Production of market cucumbers, tomatoes, and cauliflower in hotbeds 48

In addition to hotbeds, block-style, winter bench, and Klin-style greenhouses are used in protected ground. Block greenhouses are used to grow tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, and greens. In winter bench greenhouses, cucumbers and other vegetables are cultivated, and Klin-style greenhouses traditionally specialize in cucumber production. The final stage of the season consists of autumn work in hotbeds.

To prevent the spread of infections and pests, it is mandatory to carry out chemical control measures against pests and diseases of vegetable crops in protected ground.

Reference parameters and publisher data for the original farm organization guide are provided below:

  • Order number — 326
  • Authorization index — M-01351
  • Year of standard publication — 1943
  • Cost of materials — 3 rub. 90 kop.

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