Organization of innovative activities and implementation of innovations in the agro-industrial complex

Innovation is an introduction into production as a result of scientific research or discovery. Innovations are implemented in all spheres of the economy — directly in production, organizational-managerial, financial, educational, research, etc. In this regard, the concept of innovative products is used: ◊ in material form — cultivar, feed, preparation, type of energy, product, etc.; ◊ in non-material form — software product, databases, know-how protected by trade secret, etc.

Innovative or scientific-technical production is a product of intellectual labor arising as a result of scientific and technical progress in the following directions: ◊ in the biological sphere — creation and introduction of new cultivars and hybrids of agricultural crops, breeds, lines and crosses of livestock animals and poultry, seed production and breeding, biotechnology, etc.; ◊ in the technical and technological spheres — creation of new types of machines, new technologies of production, storage, processing, introduction of fundamentally new energy sources; ◊ in the ecological sphere — introduction of new technologies for the production of environmentally friendly products and environmental protection; ◊ in the organizational-economic sphere — stimulating the acceleration of scientific and technical progress and the use of organizational measures to implement its results;

◊ in the information sphere — creation of an information system on achievements of science and technology and advisory services; ◊ in the legal sphere — development and adoption of legislative and regulatory acts to accelerate STP and the use of its achievements in agriculture and other sectors of the agro-industrial complex; ◊ in the social sphere — training of personnel capable of using the achievements of STP, conducting active innovative activ

There are three main stages of the innovation cycle: 1) research; 2) industrial development of equipment, technology, products; 3) output of products and goods for the purpose of use of the innovation by end consumers, sales and service.

For the successful completion of the innovation cycle in agriculture, the following elements are necessary: ◊ information (scientific, reporting, forecast and other information); ◊ personnel; ◊ material-technical (buildings, equipment, instruments); ◊ organizational-managerial, including a system of means and methods of organization and management for the entire innovation potential and all stages of the innovation process.

The main financial sources for the introduction of innovations in the enterprises of the sector are profit from core activities, bank loans, including special investment ones, to be determined by the share of innovative products in its total volume. It has been established that the highest specific weight is that which enters the first sphere of the agro-industrial complex. The results of innovative activity and its activity in agriculture and other sectors of the agro-industrial complex are influenced by: ◊ development of fundamental scientific research; ◊ receptivity of commodity producers to innovations; ◊ increase in innovation potential; ◊ increase in the volumes of financing of STP and innovation

◊ development of markets for innovative products; ◊ improvement of the organization and management of science.

Investments in the development of high-tech and science-intensive industries (biotechnology, computerization, communications, etc.) allow for ensuring innovations in agriculture.

Income from innovative activity constitutes the entrepreneurial income of the producer.